Archaeologists made a significant find this summer on the east coast of Newfoundland, unearthing seven wampum beads at the Colony of Avalon in Ferryland. The beads, believed to be the first of their kind found in the province, were discovered by Memorial University archaeology graduate student Calum Brydon. These white and purple tubular beads, crafted from quahog and whelk shells, were traditionally used by Indigenous peoples for ornamental, ceremonial, and trade purposes. The researchers suggest that the beads may have been obtained through trade with English or Dutch merchants and brought to the Colony of Avalon.
The Colony of Avalon, known for its status as one of the best-preserved early European settlements in North America, has been a focal point for archaeological research since excavations began in 1992. Professor Barry Gaulton from Memorial University highlighted the significance of the wampum discovery in shedding light on the interactions and trade networks of the 17th-century settlement. With nearly two million artifacts unearthed at the site so far, including gold coins and a copper crucifix, each digging season continues to yield new insights into the past. This summer, surprising discoveries such as gaming pieces and structural remains have challenged previous interpretations of the colony’s history and layout.
The meticulous excavation process at the Colony of Avalon involves sifting soil through a one-millimeter mesh wet screen after trowel work. Gaulton emphasized that this season has been exceptional in terms of unexpected finds, showcasing the rich history and craftsmanship of the early settlers. Brydon, who spearheaded the discovery of the wampum beads, expressed his awe at the well-preserved artifacts and unique stone structures found at the site. The continuous revelations at the Colony of Avalon underscore its importance in understanding the past and cultural exchanges of the time.